Leonardo Painting Has Coded 'Soundtrack'

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ROME — It's a new Da Vinci code, but this time it could be for real. An Italian musician and computer technician claims to have uncovered musical notes encoded in Leonardo Da Vinci's "Last Supper," raising the possibility that the Renaissance genius might have left behind a somber composition to accompany the scene depicted in the 15th-century wall painting.

"It sounds like a requiem," Giovanni Maria Pala said. "It's like a soundtrack that emphasizes the passion of Jesus."

Painted from 1494 to 1498 in Milan's Church of Santa Maria delle Grazie, the "Last Supper" vividly depicts a key moment in the Gospel narrative: Jesus' last meal with the 12 Apostles before his arrest and crucifixion, and the shock of Christ's followers as they learn that one of them is about to betray him.

Pala, a 45-year-old musician who lives near the southern Italian city of Lecce, began studying Leonardo's painting in 2003, after hearing on a news program that researchers believed the artist and inventor had hidden a musical composition in the work.

"Afterward, I didn't hear anything more about it," he said in an interview with The Associated Press. "As a musician, I wanted to dig deeper."

In a book released Friday in Italy, Pala explains how he took elements of the painting that have symbolic value in Christian theology and interpreted them as musical clues.

Pala first saw that by drawing the five lines of a musical staff across the painting, the loaves of bread on the table as well as the hands of Jesus and the Apostles could each represent a musical note.

This fit the relation in Christian symbolism between the bread, representing the body of Christ, and the hands, which are used to bless the food, he said. But the notes made no sense musically until Pala realized that the score had to be read from right to left, following Leonardo's particular writing style.

In his book — "La Musica Celata" ("The Hidden Music") — Pala also describes how he found what he says are other clues in the painting that reveal the slow rhythm of the composition and the duration of each note.

The result is a 40-second "hymn to God" that Pala said sounds best on a pipe organ, the instrument most commonly used in Leonardo's time for spiritual music. A short segment taken from a CD of the piece contained a Bach-like passage played on the organ. The tempo was almost painfully slow but musical.

Alessandro Vezzosi, a Leonardo expert and the director of a museum dedicated to the artist in his hometown of Vinci, said he had not seen Pala's research but that the musician's hypothesis "is plausible."

Vezzosi said previous research has indicated the hands of the Apostles in the painting can be substituted with the notes of a Gregorian chant, though so far no one had tried to work in the bread loaves.

"There's always a risk of seeing something that is not there, but it's certain that the spaces (in the painting) are divided harmonically," he told the AP. "Where you have harmonic proportions, you can find music."

Vezzosi also noted that though Leonardo was more noted for his paintings, sculptures and visionary inventions, he was also a musician. Da Vinci played the lyre and designed various instruments. His writings include some musical riddles, which must be read from right to left.

Reinterpretations of the "Last Supper" have popped up ever since "The Da Vinci Code" fascinated readers and movie-goers with suggestions that one of the apostles sitting on Jesus' right is Mary Magdalene, that the two had a child and that their bloodline continues.

Pala stressed that his discovery does not reveal any supposed dark secrets of the Catholic Church or of Leonardo, but instead shows the artist in a light far removed from the conspiratorial descriptions found in fiction.

"A new figure emerges — he wasn't a heretic like some believe," Pala said. "What emerges is a man who believes, a man who really believes in God."

___

On the Net:

Pala's site (in Italian), http://www.lamusicacelata.it

Official site for the "Last Supper," http://www.cenacolovinciano.it

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1.5
{"commentId":1172244,"authorDomain":"whyren"}

If true, one of my most admired persons has become even more amazing.

{"commentId":1172244,"threadId":"173826","contentId":"1085518","authorDomain":"whyren"}
  • 5 votes
Reply#1 - Fri Nov 9, 2007 2:36 PM EST
{"commentId":1172768,"authorDomain":"PamelaDrew"}

Awesome story, just goes to show no matter how much we think we know we're still surprised!

{"commentId":1172768,"threadId":"173826","contentId":"1085518","authorDomain":"PamelaDrew"}
  • 3 votes
#1.1 - Fri Nov 9, 2007 5:50 PM EST
{"commentId":1172775,"authorDomain":"ririaroo"}

Wouldn't surprise me if the musical notes were a code for something else.

{"commentId":1172775,"threadId":"173826","contentId":"1085518","authorDomain":"ririaroo"}
  • 3 votes
#1.2 - Fri Nov 9, 2007 5:52 PM EST
Reply
{"commentId":1172715,"authorDomain":"TeddRi"}

Boy you aren't kidding !

{"commentId":1172715,"threadId":"173826","contentId":"1085518","authorDomain":"TeddRi"}
  • 2 votes
Reply#2 - Fri Nov 9, 2007 5:28 PM EST
{"commentId":1172732,"authorDomain":"evolvingbundle"}

is there a recording I can listen to?

{"commentId":1172732,"threadId":"173826","contentId":"1085518","authorDomain":"evolvingbundle"}
  • 2 votes
Reply#3 - Fri Nov 9, 2007 5:33 PM EST
{"commentId":1173119,"authorDomain":"TeddRi"}

Top right corner of the article for the recording.

{"commentId":1173119,"threadId":"173826","contentId":"1085518","authorDomain":"TeddRi"}
  • 4 votes
#3.1 - Fri Nov 9, 2007 9:07 PM EST
{"commentId":1173217,"authorDomain":"bigmomma"}

Sound? Is that something new? I'm not sure I've ever seen that before.

{"commentId":1173217,"threadId":"173826","contentId":"1085518","authorDomain":"bigmomma"}
  • 3 votes
#3.2 - Fri Nov 9, 2007 9:57 PM EST
{"commentId":1173238,"authorDomain":"TeddRi"}

You do see that right rottlady ?

According to an Italian musician, these are the notes he sees encoded in Leonardo Da Vinci's ``Last Supper.''

If not, you might have part of IE7 disabled.

{"commentId":1173238,"threadId":"173826","contentId":"1085518","authorDomain":"TeddRi"}
  • 3 votes
#3.3 - Fri Nov 9, 2007 10:11 PM EST
{"commentId":1173280,"authorDomain":"bigmomma"}

Yeah, I see the sound thingy now, I just never noticed it before!

Edit: I can't believe (thingy) passed spellcheck!!!

{"commentId":1173280,"threadId":"173826","contentId":"1085518","authorDomain":"bigmomma"}
  • 3 votes
#3.4 - Fri Nov 9, 2007 10:48 PM EST
{"commentId":1173312,"authorDomain":"TeddRi"}

thingy is a real word ?

Whoa cool ! I think that sound player is new or I just noticed it as I was looking all over the guys web site for one also and then I saw the player. If you have Flash Player turned off, you cannot see it, thats why I asked.

{"commentId":1173312,"threadId":"173826","contentId":"1085518","authorDomain":"TeddRi"}
  • 3 votes
#3.5 - Fri Nov 9, 2007 11:16 PM EST
{"commentId":1173784,"authorDomain":"bigmomma"}

Flash player is on.... thingy is a word....all is good in the world!

{"commentId":1173784,"threadId":"173826","contentId":"1085518","authorDomain":"bigmomma"}
  • 2 votes
#3.6 - Sat Nov 10, 2007 8:23 AM EST
Reply
{"commentId":1172743,"authorDomain":"pepe-oo"}

I thought this might be of interest to some. Excuse me if some of the thinking is outdated now, but this was 20 years ago, just shortly after I became enamored with the Mac.

Macintosh Article:
TITLE: IF LEONARDO HAD ONLY HAD A MAC !

Copyright© 1997, Joe L. Wilkins, Architect

(Originally Written in 1986 - not submitted for publication anywhere at that time. Many of my perspectives are not so startling when viewed ten years after the fact, but the observations are still relevant and the suggestions worthwhile.)

As I view the manner in which my own life has been affected by a little machine, I have had cause to think about the future and, then, about the past. As I daily pour more and more of my own ideas, feelings and thoughts into this little machine, my ego reflects upon how things I have written might some day affect the lives of others. As I do this, suddenly it hits me! WOW! If only Leonardo daVinci and some of the other great thinkers and doers of the past had possessed this little machine of mine! Can you imagine what we might have gained from their thoughts and ideas? Mind you, I am not putting myself into the same category with Francis Bacon, Desiderius Erasmus, Leonardo daVinci or Thomas Moore but, as you read what I am proposing, it might not be so ridiculous to give the average person a little more credit than we normally do.

The reason that Leonardo came so strongly to mind was that he was not, apparently, a person of many words. The other individuals I mentioned and, for that matter, most famous people of history, who are thought of as great minds, have been primarily writers.

The writings that Leonardo left behind were mostly in the form of short, cryptic notes, frequently written as mirror images and appended to one of his sketches. There have been many reasons proposed for his having written thusly. Some have maintained that was how he actually saw things; others have suggested that, since he was left handed, it was easier to write from right to left, which is a distinct possibility, but one that I do not accept; still others believe that it was his guarded attempt at coded secrecy - to protect his scientific and engineering ideas from examination by the curious.

Unusual ideas were not well accepted in the late 1400's. Personally, I think it more likely that he did it, at least initially, as a challenge; since we all experiment with our handwriting from time to time and he continued to do it because it was fun. He may have viewed the secrecy element as a beneficent side effect. Regardless of his reasons, he could have done it better and more easily on a Mac. Certainly he wouldn't have done it that way on a Mac if the reason really had been his left handedness. At least, if he had done it on a Mac, it would have been easier for us to read it. If you have never fiddled with MacDraft or MacDraw you may not be aware that they have the ability to flop Text around in such a manner that it appears on the screen (and prints out) backwards, upside down or in a few other interesting, though impractical, arrangements. However, that is really a trivial issue when compared to the many other features of the Mac that would have confronted, challenged, assisted and delighted Leonardo. There are two very significant features of the Mac when considered together - pictures and synergism - that would have led to an even greater immortality for Leonardo. They are the underlying issues involved in what I am about to suggest as one of the most important activities for the future of computer programmers.

Leonardo daVinci left behind some 7,000 pages of notes and drawings. He left us with a collection of beautiful line drawings, on a wide variety of topics, performed in several different media; not to mention his great paintings - The Last Supper, The Mona Lisa and two renditions of St. Anne with the Virgin and Child. He lived, almost, to the age of seventy; which means that he produced, on the average, at least one document every third day of his entire life. He must have put down virtually everything that came into his mind. He must have routinely and quite painstakingly put his thoughts and ideas down on paper, mostly for his own satisfaction and the development of his projects for, although it is believed that he once intended to publish his work, with the technology available at the time he could not really have believed that his work would endure to affect the thoughts and very lives of future multitudes. Keep in mind that half of his life was over prior to the discovery of America and the printing press was only perfected by Gutenberg two years prior to Leonardo's birth and many miles to the north; while photography was still centuries away. Can you even begin to imagine what he might have left us if he could have done it on a Mac. One idea leading to another, one sketch in a multitude of variations until he finally got exactly the proportions that he wanted.

Leonardo, fortunately for posterity, was a solitary man who believed that, as he is quoted to have written, "If you are accompanied by even one companion you belong only half to yourself, or even less, in proportion to the thoughtlessness of his {the companion's} conduct; and if you have more than one companion you will fall more deeply into the same plight". Here was a man who was ideally suited to interact with a Mac. He was in fact the most solitary of men. He could have sketched with a Mac and, while drawing, he could have pulled-down the Note Pad and jotted down a few notes about any one of his myriad ideas for later reference and consideration. And while drawing or thinking, there would have occurred a synergism between him and the Mac. He would have found that he was capable of doing much more than he had planned to do. He would not have come up with thoughts that would have disappeared into the mists of timelessness, having been forgotten before they could be acted upon, because he was too thoroughly involved in what he was doing to take the time necessary to record these other peripatetic mental ruminations. He would not have been frustrated by the expensiveness of the paper when he discarded mistakes or ideas that didn't pan out by merely flinging a few electrons into the air - no crumpled paper to fill his waste basket. There would be no pencils to sharpen, no chalky hands to wash. His options were open for the first time to experiment with Mona Lisa's smile. We think it enigmatic or whatever; I suggest that, with the true heart of an artist, Leonardo would probably have liked to have changed it - had not the paint dried firmly upon the canvas, which no doubt he had scraped off and repainted a dozen times or more already.

With a Mac, Leonardo would have perfected his design for the immortal lady, pixel by pixel, until he was thoroughly satisfied or disgusted as the case might be. I predict that one day we will have electronic pictures, battery powered, that hang upon our walls - generating immortally the designs of our artists - in full living color with no need to restore the fading frescoes or to clean the encrusted, cracking and flaking canvas-bound oil; perhaps, three dimensionally even, as holographs. Certainly, if Leonardo were alive and pounding away at the keyboard of my Mac, he would be working on something like that, right this minute, I am sure.

From the tireless research of Giorgio Vasari, an artist himself who became possibly the very first modern art historian, we also know that Leonardo "could sing and improvise divinely" upon the lyre. With his tireless, imaginative mind and a musical proclivity as well, can you even begin to fathom what might have emerged from Leonardo's Mac ? The Mac is after all a tireless companion that makes no demands - only an occasional "beep" or two. If you conform to all of the pre-agreed-to semantics, supply appropriate input at all times - Mac will give you its very best. (I suppose if we treated people the same way, we would probably improve the results we get from them.) A modest diet of electrons and an immense capacity to engorge itself with software, accompanied by an ability to keep its eye(s) open forever, make the Mac an ideal companion for a solitary man (or woman). It can give your ideas a speed of operation and development that will enable the ideas to apparently have their own ideas - so rapidly do they flow, become refined and yield results. Mac can be an unfaltering associate, giving much more than it, apparently, takes. Such a co-conspirator would have made Leonardo even more of a master among men than he was.

What does all of this mean ? First of all, I think, it means that we will have more Leonardo's. To a certain extent, there is a little bit of Leonardo in all of us. We shall have more solitary thinkers engraving their dreams and aspirations upon all forms of electronic media. As the Mac continues to expand its sphere of influence, its magnetic personality, if you will, its ability to interact synergistically with its human co-conspirators, we will find ourselves deluged with a mountainous assemblage of tiny, plastic-encased, electronic recordings of ones and zeros, apparently signifying nothing. It will be imperative that we have some method of sorting the wheat from the chaff. What will we keep and what will we erase? We will have some very important ideas and thoughts that may only surface when a solitary individual leaves this plain of existence, perhaps for another. This individual may have thought thoughts and solved problems not even broached by others, much less resolved. Now that the Mac permits us to provide a record, not just in words, but in thousand-word-type-pictures and resonant tones as well, it would be a shame for these thoughts, ideas, solutions and dreams not to be examined for the intrinsic value they may possess.

That will not be humanly possible unless we develop an expert system designed for the sole purpose of evaluating and screening computer records. A computer program that can bring to the attention of the human community things that are different, things that may have creative significance to the future of humankind, must be developed sometime within the very near future. This is not a project that we can allow to be initiated and/or controlled by government - our's or any one else's; since the very nature of this program will permit the user to screen and evaluate all the private electronic media of the world whether we wish it to be screened or not. If the program is not begun by the private sector, some governmental department may develop "Big Brother" under the guise of developing the program I am suggesting we need. The basic structural concepts of the two program variations will not be very different. Certainly the data base required for much of the decision-making processes for LEONARDO (which is what I propose to call the program) would, if available to Government, make the programming and operation of "Big Brother" a cinch. I propose that we begin the study and formulation of such a Master Program now. This could well be the most important Programming task ever undertaken. It is time to start thinking about it. It is even time to starting doing something about it. Do I have any takers ? Suggestions ?

{"commentId":1172743,"threadId":"173826","contentId":"1085518","authorDomain":"pepe-oo"}
  • 2 votes
Reply#4 - Fri Nov 9, 2007 5:37 PM EST
{"commentId":1173326,"authorDomain":null}

What are you smokin, and can I have some.

{"commentId":1173326,"threadId":"173826","contentId":"1085518"}
    #4.1 - Fri Nov 9, 2007 11:26 PM EST
    {"commentId":1173568,"authorDomain":"PamelaDrew"}

    We're marveling at a new discovery of daVinci, no need to feel twenty years is too dated for the information. Not when I have jeans older than that and anything of good becomes vintage as it ages. Anyway to your wonderful question of what could never be if it might have been, Leo the Mac Man. Hmm, it never crossed my mind to think of that. I have wondered in a general time travel way if I had been able to meet him then or he come to visit now. The computer for him, now that the idea is out there it does make me wonder.

    I grew up in an extended family of artists of every imaginable kind. How the talent skipped me, but it did, but the rest of them ran the gamut from classically trained portrait and muralists, sculptors of marble and clay, glass blowing and bronze casting. Many had musical gifts as well so I learned to appreciate the smell of linseed oil and museums, use a pitch pipe and guess the weight of a stack of gigantic books of art prints protected by thin paper between the pages.

    My mind was always drawn to the more practical, the mechanical the puzzles. Of course there were some favorite works of art but they didn't touch me. But the notes and sketches of daVinci did. They were like the bridge for me between what I could see and what the artists did. I could feel him thinking the lines, he became and remains my hands down favorite. Page after page that shows learning and understanding.

    It may have been 1997 but I think it was 1998, Bill Gates bought The Codex, daVinci's notebooks were diplayed at the art museum in Seattle. I probably went eight times, as much as time and funds would possibly allow. It was amazing, Seattle crowds after the opening weren't so much you couldn't often take lots of time to lolly gang and wander around, really see where he set his hand.

    There's no doubt to me the reverse writing was a meticulously considered detail, designed to share nothing beyond what the mind up to grasping the genius of his could share if perchance they fell into other hands. It was private and this was extra security. Even the tiny pages struck me as not just about paper scarcity, but as a way to minimize to the casual observer what may have been inside. He was decoding the world bit by bit.j

    If I imagine him at a computer the secrecy and security would be a factor, there would be the one side with a voracious appetite for learning. We have a few spirits like that, creative genius with some of the assorted talents he had kicking around here in a more than few individuals as combo packs. In the pursuit of intellectual exchange it's easy for me to imagine him, a world that is dynamically filled with life forms to seek out, curiosity to be satisfied in so many ways at the moment the mind is, unhindered by what this generation of connectivity can never imagine about information vacuums. But in terms of him expressing himself in it as a medium it strikes me as rather limiting in the kind of powerful connectivity of his hands and head coming together with physicality. Great fun to take the notion into my head for a bit, thanks.

    {"commentId":1173568,"threadId":"173826","contentId":"1085518","authorDomain":"PamelaDrew"}
    • 2 votes
    #4.2 - Sat Nov 10, 2007 2:37 AM EST
    {"commentId":1174659,"authorDomain":"pepe-oo"}

    Pamela, my sister's name, thanks for reading my ramblings and trying to understand my thoughts re Leonardo. No question that we all admire and envy him to no end; but the true gist of my words was more about the Leonardo that is in all of us, to lesser degrees no question; but there nevertheless; and I am fearful that "our" great thoughts and ideas may disappear into the ether if we don't do something to save them in a more organized format for our future little geniuses to use as stepping stones as they crawl upon the shoulders of their ancestors.

    I appreciated your comments as well.

    {"commentId":1174659,"threadId":"173826","contentId":"1085518","authorDomain":"pepe-oo"}
    • 2 votes
    #4.3 - Sat Nov 10, 2007 4:24 PM EST
    {"commentId":1174929,"authorDomain":"PamelaDrew"}

    feeling's mutual. :~)

    {"commentId":1174929,"threadId":"173826","contentId":"1085518","authorDomain":"PamelaDrew"}
    • 1 vote
    #4.4 - Sat Nov 10, 2007 6:45 PM EST
    {"commentId":1175032,"authorDomain":"TeddRi"}

    Fascinating reading both of your comments for me ! Thanks.

    {"commentId":1175032,"threadId":"173826","contentId":"1085518","authorDomain":"TeddRi"}
    • 1 vote
    #4.5 - Sat Nov 10, 2007 7:40 PM EST
    Reply
    {"commentId":1172774,"authorDomain":"rightenough"}

    Sounds a bit like the opening riff to "Cat Scratch Fever" - - - or so I've heard.

    {"commentId":1172774,"threadId":"173826","contentId":"1085518","authorDomain":"rightenough"}
    • 1 vote
    Reply#5 - Fri Nov 9, 2007 5:52 PM EST
    {"commentId":1173028,"authorDomain":"jjones123"}

    I love his work, and this was an inspiring story.

    {"commentId":1173028,"threadId":"173826","contentId":"1085518","authorDomain":"jjones123"}
    • 1 vote
    Reply#6 - Fri Nov 9, 2007 8:12 PM EST
    {"commentId":1173213,"authorDomain":"ivanovic"}

    40 seconds himn of god. Well it is exactly 39 seconds. This number giving out of it number 3 and here we are talking about holly number.

    Andres

    {"commentId":1173213,"threadId":"173826","contentId":"1085518","authorDomain":"ivanovic"}
    • 1 vote
    Reply#7 - Fri Nov 9, 2007 9:56 PM EST
    {"commentId":1173346,"authorDomain":"whyren"}
    "There's always a risk of seeing something that is not there, but it's certain that the spaces (in the painting) are divided harmonically," he told the AP. "Where you have harmonic proportions, you can find music."

    Well...harmonic proportions can easily been substituted for artistic proportions, both of which are derived from mathematical proportions.

    It's an interesting thought, though. I'd would bet that if there is actually music, then it would show up in some other works by Da Vinci.

    {"commentId":1173346,"threadId":"173826","contentId":"1085518","authorDomain":"whyren"}
    • 1 vote
    Reply#8 - Fri Nov 9, 2007 11:37 PM EST
    {"commentId":1173668,"authorDomain":"sriramchandrasekhar"}

    The biggest genius of all has many more mysteries under his sleeve which, we mere mortals, can only stare in awe at and bow down in respectful silence towards the greatest of human beings to have ever walked this earth - Leonardo da Vinci

    {"commentId":1173668,"threadId":"173826","contentId":"1085518","authorDomain":"sriramchandrasekhar"}
      Reply#9 - Sat Nov 10, 2007 5:24 AM EST
      {"commentId":1177416,"authorDomain":"inghar2004"}

      Fascinating project. Thanks.

      {"commentId":1177416,"threadId":"173826","contentId":"1085518","authorDomain":"inghar2004"}
        Reply#10 - Sun Nov 11, 2007 8:15 PM EST
        {"commentId":9716571,"authorDomain":"themehmeh"}

        And that my friends is why Leonardo was a painter and not a musician.

        {"commentId":9716571,"threadId":"173826","contentId":"1085518","authorDomain":"themehmeh"}
          Reply#11 - Fri Sep 25, 2009 9:41 PM EDT
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