Log In | Register
ASTANA — U.S. efforts to build closer ties to this energy-rich former Soviet republic are not meant to undermine Russian influence in Central Asia, Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice said Sunday.
"We don't see any of this as a zero-sum game," she told reporters flying with her to the Kazakh capital from India. U.S. gains need not mean Russian losses, she said.
"First of all, Kazakhstan is an independent country. It can have friendships with whomever it wishes," she said. "That is, I think, perfectly acceptable in the 21st century, so we don't see and don't accept any notion of a special sphere of influence" for Russia in this region.
Later, at a news conference with Foreign Minister Marat Tazhin, Rice said no one should question Kazakhstan's desire to have good relations with all countries in its region. "This is not some kind of contest for the affection of Kazakhstan," Rice said.
Tazhin said his country's relationship with the United States was "stable" and had "strategic character." Kazakh ties with Russia, he said, are "excellent" and "politically correct." Asked by a reporter whether he considered his country to be in a Russian "sphere of influence," Tazhin said no and that he believed such a question was of interest mainly to academics and to journalists.
Rice later met with Prime Minister Karim Masimov and President Nursultan Nazarbayev, Kazakhstan's autocratic ruler who has maintained a military alliance and close relations with Russia. He also has kept a door open to the West and looked to develop new export routes to Europe for Kazakhstan's vast energy resources. But that balancing act has been in doubt since Russia's invasion of Georgia in August, which threatened to close off the corridor for pipelines around Russia.
In the interview en route to Astana, Rice disclosed that Deputy Secretary of State John Negroponte was in Iraq over the weekend for talks with the Iraqi government on planning for the transition as more U.S. forces withdraw and Iraqis take on more responsibilities.
The discussions also covered the remaining obstacles to a security agreement that would govern the U.S. military presence in Iraq beyond December, when the current legal authorities expire, Rice said. Negotiations "are going along" and are close to being finished, she added.
"We are close, but as you might imagine, because it's an important and difficult agreement when you're trying to work out arrangements that are both going to protect our people and be responsive to Iraqi sovereignty, that just takes time," she said.
Rice said Negroponte was "not doing anything particularly about it" on this visit beyond talking with Iraqi leaders. Her characterization of his role did not seem to indicate he was in Iraq to finalize a deal.
The Bush administration thought it had secured the deal last summer when negotiators submitted a proposed agreement for higher approval; Iraqi Prime Minister Nouri al-Maliki rejected it and assembled a new set of negotiators. A key point of disagreement is Washington's insistence that U.S. troops in Iraq remain under U.S. legal jurisdiction indefinitely; the Iraqis want limited jurisdiction.
On a related matter, Rice was asked in the onboard interview whether the administration has decided to drop plans to establish a diplomatic outpost in Iran. The U.S. has not had formal diplomatic relations with Tehran for nearly 30 years.
"We continue to look at the idea," she said. "We think it's an interesting idea. We are going to take a look at it in light of what it could do for our relationship with the Iranian people. We are still looking at the idea."
Since Russian forces pushed close to Georgia's capital before pulling back, the U.S. has tried to signal its commitment to countries in the Caucasus and Central Asia. Last month, Vice President Dick Cheney traveled to Georgia, Ukraine and Azerbaijan, another important energy exporter in the region.
The administration does not want to be seen as the one "that lost Eurasia and the Caspian region," said Ariel Cohen, an analyst at the conservative Heritage Foundation in Washington.
The United States also has sought to develop military ties with Kazakhstan as a regional power close to U.S. operations in Afghanistan. Kazakhstan's membership in a Russian-led Eurasian security bloc precludes the country from joining NATO. But it retains close contact with and regularly conducts joint military exercises with the Western alliance.
"In terms of our relationship with Kazakhstan, it's based on mutual respect, on transparency, and on the desire to see a more prosperous and open region here in Kazakhstan, as well as in Central Asia, more generally," Rice said in Astana.
___
Associated Press writer Desmond Butler in Washington contributed to this report.
___
On the Net:
State Department background: http://www.state.gov/p/sca/ci/kz/
