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Air Force used Twitter to track NY flyover fallout

Mon Aug 10, 2009 3:12 AM EDT
politics, technology, us, twitter, pentagon, tracking
Richard Lardner, Associated Press
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showing 1 of 2 photos
<p>This undated photo released by the Defense Department shows one of the president's official planes, escorted by a fighter jet, flying over New York. (AP Photo/Master Sgt. Andy Dunaway, Defense Department)</p>

This undated photo released by the Defense Department shows one of the president's official planes, escorted by a fighter jet, flying over New York. (AP Photo/Master Sgt. Andy Dunaway, Defense Department)

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WASHINGTON — As the Pentagon warns of the security risks posed by social networking sites, newly released government documents show the military also uses these Internet tools to monitor and react to coverage of high-profile events.

The Air Force tracked online messaging service Twitter, video-sharing site YouTube and various blogs to assess the huge public backlash to the Air Force One flyover of the Statue of Liberty this spring, according to the documents.

And while the attempts at damage control failed — "No positive spin is possible," one PowerPoint chart reads — the episode opens a window into the tactics for operating in a boundless digital news cycle.

This new terrain has slippery slopes, though, for the military. Facebook, MySpace and other social media sites are very popular among service members, including those in Iraq and Afghanistan who want to keep in touch with friends and family. The sites are also valued by military organizations for recruiting or communicating with other federal agencies.

But posting information on these interactive links makes it vulnerable to being lost or stolen by the enemy, according to Pentagon officials. On Thursday, a hacking attack shut down Twitter for several hours, while Facebook had intermittent access problems — an indication of the shortcomings of relying on these services.

The Marine Corps' computer network blocks users from accessing social media sites, which service officials say expose "information to adversaries" and provide "an easy conduit for information leakage."

The Marines recently made its ban official. And that prohibition might extend to other parts of the military pending a top-level review ordered in late July by Deputy Defense Secretary Bill Lynn.

In a widely distributed memo, Lynn said the so-called "Web 2.0" sites are important tools but more study is needed to understand their threats and benefits.

Air Force officials are already aware of the potential benefits.

According to the Air Force One documents released through the Freedom of Information Act, a unit called the Combat Information Cell at Tyndall Air Force Base in Florida monitored the public fallout from the April 27 flight and offered recommendations for dealing with the fast-breaking story.

Formed two years ago, the cell is made up of as many as nine people who analyze piles of data culled from the Internet and other sources to determine whether the Air Force's message is being heard.

The presidential plane took off for New York from Andrews Air Force in Maryland accompanied by two F-16 jet fighters. The purpose of the flight, which wasn't publicly announced, was to get new photos of the specially modified Boeing 747 with the statue in the background.

The mission quickly became a public relations disaster as panicked New Yorkers, fearing another 9/11-style attack, emptied office buildings. In the aftermath, Louis Caldera, director of the White House military office that authorized the flight, was fired.

The Combat Information Cell's first assessment of the event said "Web site blog comments 'furious' at best." Local reporting of the flyover was "very critical, highlighting scare factor," it added.

A search of Twitter, which allows people to post messages of 140 characters or less to a circle of friends, family or fans, showed that users were posting a rate of one message, or "tweet," per minute about a pair of F-16s chasing a commercial airliner, the cell said.

Media coverage over the next 24 hours "will focus on local hysteria and lack of public notification," the cell predicted. "Blogs will continue to be overwhelmingly negative."

"Damage control requires timely counter-information," but the opportunity for that had passed, the assessment said. The cell recommended acknowledging the mistake and ensuring it didn't happen again.

Another update on April 28 said the story was still "reverberating, surprisingly resilient." The tweet rate had grown to three per minute and the words "New York" had been pushed into Twitter's list of most talked about topics. Videos of the event posted on YouTube had been viewed more than 260,000 times, it said.

By April 30, the story had faded, the cell reported. The blogs were still very critical, but it was the White House, not the Air Force, that was taking the heat, the assessment for that day said.

The other dominant news story at the time was public concern over the spread of swine flu. According to the documents, the same Air Force cell suggested there may be an opportunity to turn the tide. "Government involvement in this incident could be used to frame expected handling of H1N1 outbreak," one of the PowerPoint charts reads.

A Utah Air National Guard unit, the 101st Information Warfare Flight in Salt Lake City, was also monitoring the social sites. "To say that this event is being beaten like a dead horse is an understatement," reads an April 28 e-mail from the unit to other Air Force offices. "Has really taken off in Web 2.0."

Both the 101st and the Combat Information Cell are attached to the 1st Air Force, which is based at Tyndall and is in charge of guarding U.S. airspace.

1st Air Force spokesman Al Eakle explained that the command had no role in planning or coordinating the Air Force One flight. But the units tracked social networks and blog traffic "to obtain what lessons we might learn so as not to repeat them in the future." The assessments were sent to the command's leadership so they'd know how the public was reacting, he added.

John Verdi of the Electronic Privacy Information Center in Washington said gray zones can emerge while monitoring social networking sites because viewing and participating is based on trust.

"Lots of times individuals upload private or sensitive information that they expect to share with their friends or family and not the whole Internet world," Verdi said. "It would certainly be a major problem if the government were accessing that information under false pretenses."

Paul Bove, an Air Force digital media strategist, said service personnel are instructed not to do that. Nor are they to use aliases or represent a position that's beyond the scope of what they do.

"We always tell people, 'Stay in your lane and don't talk about something that you're not qualified to talk about,'" Bove said.

The issue of aliases is at the heart of a complaint stemming for the Army Corps of Engineers' performance in New Orleans before and after Hurricane Katrina.

On Tuesday, Sen. Mary Landrieu, D-La., asked the Pentagon inspector general to examine allegations that Corps employees posed as ordinary citizens and posted comments on a New Orleans Web site defending the organization from criticism following the disaster.

Jon Donley, former editor of NOLA.com, said in a June 9 affidavit that there were as many as 20 registered users who developed a pattern of not only defending the Corps, but at times being "overtly abusive" to any critics. He said he was able to trace their posts to a Corps Internet address.

Ken Holder, a spokesman for Corps' New Orleans District, said it will cooperate with any investigation.

__

On the Net:

1st Air Force: http://www.1af.acc.af.mil/index.asp

© 2009 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.
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  • Regions: United States , Washington DC
  • Public Discussion (16)
lambnlions

WASHINGTON — As the Pentagon warns of the security risks posed by social networking sites, newly released government documents show the military also uses these Internet tools to monitor and react to coverage of high-profile events.

The Marine Corps' computer network blocks users from accessing social media sites, which service officials say expose "information to adversaries" and provide "an easy conduit for information leakage."

Cutting their nose to spite their faces, or the proverbial ; left hands about to not know what the right hands doing, because they're scared of a hacker,virus or glitch? I'm sure the very sights they've sought to cut are some of the best intel sights they ever got.

  • 2 votes
Reply#1 - Mon Aug 10, 2009 5:50 AM EDT
dsanthony

You show a poor understanding of the military or intelligence gathering. Many links on social networking sites do lead to compromised sites containing viruses.

Furthermore, if the military can use twitter of fb to track social events, it just proves how it could be used by foreign intelligence services to track postings by military members.

The article clearly says the military is aware of the power of the internet and uses these sites to gather information -- but not to dispense information.

  • 4 votes
#1.1 - Mon Aug 10, 2009 1:05 PM EDT
lambnlions

Clearly, you've under estimated what was stated. Personally, somewhat skilled as basic programming and think myself fundamentally adept in electronics (blowing my own horn). I'm very much aware of protocols in various aspects of the security matter.

As I read the article above 0415 this morning, I gathered simply, "that the Marines were going to STOP using/monitoring sights like, Twitter; because as we've both stated, they are able to become the hunted as easily as they were the hunters."

My point in the statement was simply to point out, "It's not reason enough with all the inherent problems of the Internet, to stop monitoring those sort of sights. It would hurt them should some terrorist organization decides after seeing articles, to use the sights after; thus, the cutting off the nose to spite their faces, or rather to secure their @$$%$.

This is the Marine Corp, Pentagon system, using super encrypted files etc., with modem speeds so fast, should they decide to enter into the usual server system at the average shadowing fifty times faster speeds, most servers, PC, or systems wouldn't have known they were hacked, unless they themselves had comprobable machinery, well?

Why should they be worried about the A typical radicals off the Internets( hackers, viruses,etc.), it's more than their saying? Purpose information leaks in their futures I suspect. Now I can understand being worried about other nations with proficient hackers of their own, getting into the nations /marines system, but if they are as smart as their geeks should be; they would have known and trust me, do know; certain systems for certain information's, thereby limiting and or controlling the amount if any Intel that gets out, if any when and need be. There's more to that article that we're reading, bud.

  • 1 vote
#1.2 - Mon Aug 10, 2009 2:57 PM EDT
Reply
Leo Katz

I would think unnecessary USAF, or any DoD, monitoring of US Civilian and non-military opinion or activities would be a completely unwarranted and a violation of US Law. Such violations are among what US Army Intelligence did during the Vietnam War era and they were severely sanctioned and law suits were filed. As a result, congress enacted laws specifically prohibiting such actions by the DoD and all of the services. Even if a direct threat to the DoD or the services exists, the law and DoD Regulations are very exacting and certain rules must be followed precisely. I am no activist or alarmist about personal privacy and freedom, but this is just plain wrong. If this article is true, then shame on you USAF.

  • 1 vote
Reply#2 - Mon Aug 10, 2009 5:35 PM EDT
lambnlions

Wasn't there some issue about, Bush & Cheney, giving Intel the go ahead to do taps, despite laws, claiming it was for the nations very own good? I could swear over the years I've heard various reputable talk shows debate that subject.

  • 1 vote
#2.1 - Tue Aug 11, 2009 10:28 AM EDT
Reply
dsanthony

maybe you were asleep, so I'll remind you. 18 terrorists lived in the us while preparing a terrorist attack on the world trade center. Does that ring any bells?

The intelligence services -- fbi, cia, military and others -- were legally forbidden to monitor the terrorists inside the us; or from sharing information between themselves. So the fbi had some info, the cia had some info, the nsa had some info and the military had some info -- but they were unable to get together and see the broad picture of the threat because these laws you praise forbid the cia and military from gathering info inside the us.

  • 3 votes
Reply#3 - Mon Aug 10, 2009 5:56 PM EDT
lambnlions

dsan.. On the open forums , it was to be seen as a ,"We're Not!", but according to sources like PBS, Link and NPR, "They Are/Were!" They have ordered wire taps and other so called,"illegal" things to be done.

    #3.1 - Tue Aug 11, 2009 10:33 AM EDT
    Reply
    Leo Katz

    dsanthony

    You are completely out of bounds on your comment. I am not going to criticize you or make snide remarks about your complete lack of knowledge on this subject. Rather, I am going to try and offer you a ration argument regarding your position.

    The US Department of Defense (and the US Military Services) were never meant and are forbidden by law from a domestic intelligence collection functions unless it is direct support of the security of military installations and personnel. Even in those instances their jurisdiction and roles are extremely limited and subject to a variety of legal restrictions. Their activities related to intelligence gathering in the US, and regarding US Persons (see below - an actual and specific term), is limited to specific matters, which affect military security.

    In the US activities such as espionage, sedition, subversion, and political dissent of any kind are purview of the FBI and US Justice Department. Similarly, even outside the country most of these activities, unless on the battlefield under a military commander, fall under the senior civilian intelligence officer (read CIA Station Chief) in country. The military is an entity or law unto their own, except regarding the military.

    This was not intended to hamstring the gathering of intelligence or weaken the security of the US. The US military was never intended to enforce laws in the US. This is set out in the Posse Comitatus Act is a (18 USC SubSection 1385). Similarly therse are rules set out for intelligence gathering by the DoD against US Persons. This is part of our US System and it is intended to prevent abuses by and of the US military.

    “United States person” means a citizen of the United States, an alien lawfully admitted for permanent residence (as defined in section 1101 (a)(20) of title 8), an unincorporated association a substantial number of members of which are citizens of the United States or aliens lawfully admitted for permanent residence, or a corporation which is incorporated in the United States, but does not include a corporation or an association which is a foreign power, as defined in subsection (a)(1), (2), or (3) of this section.”

    I am not sure about your age, but you may find it interesting to read up on the abuses of this by US Army Intelligence, and to a lesser extent the USAF and USN, during the anti-Vietnam Wars days. The use of Army Counterintelligence and Signal Intelligence during this era was not intended to be an infraction of the law, but eventual “abuses” did occur. As a result of this intrusive behavior and violation of people’s rights a major scandal developed. This scandal at the time, in my opinion, exceeded that of the current hoopla regarding US torture.

    A good primer on this subject on the US Army Domestic Surveillance Program is the Congressional Study done as part of the (Senator Frank) Church Committee - SUPPLEMENTARY DETAILED STAFF REPORTS ON INTELLIGENCE ACTIVITIES AND THE RIGHTS OF AMERICANS (BOOK III) (http://www.icdc.com/~paulwolf/cointelpro/churchfinalreportIIIk.htm) If you are interested in more references or reading on the subject I can suggest others.

    The following are a couple of beginning paragraphs of this study and say much more than I can offer you in my own words. The results of this Committee became part of EO 12333 and several DoD implementing regulations by the service intelligence and counterintelligence organizations.

    “The Department of Defense maintains agents and investigators abroad and within the United States to gather foreign intelligence and to perform a variety of investigative tasks. 1 This report describes how these agents and investigators have been used in the past to gather information on the political beliefs and activities of "private citizens" 2 in violation of their rights or in violation of the legal and traditional restraints which separate the military and civilian realms.”

    “This report describes certain past investigative activities of the military which may have exceeded these limitations. It also identifies instances in which military investigators may have violated specific statutes because of the tactics employed in investigations of civilians. It does not attempt to evaluate the foreign intelligence and other investigative activities of the Department of Defense in terms of their efficiency or usefulness.”

    I will stop here since I have probably beaten you to death with information. Let me end by saying, “NO, I was not asleep” and I am certainly not a detractor of the US programs. When I was drafted in 1966, I was selected for Military Intelligence and served as a Counterintelligence Agent, as did my fellow Agents who were accused and chastised by Congress. Fortunately, or unfortunately, my time was served in Vietnam and not in the domestic arena. As such, at the time I was never forced to make a decision of conscience on the issue. Had I been required to do so, I am certain I would not have balked at the idea. One of my co-workers who worked in the US program still had lawsuits pending for more than a decade after the Chicago Convention.

    Further, I am now retired, but I spent the remaining 25+ years as civilian working for the US Government in the Law Enforcement, Counterintelligence and Legal programs both abroad and in the US. This was up to an including the period you cite when the “18 terrorists lived in the us (sic),” so I am familiar with the situation.

    Regardless, based on my beliefs and my experience, the US Military has no business in domestic intelligence, information collection and enforcement against US Persons. You are however entitled to your views, but I would rather not have mine tracked by the military.

    Long winded and unedited, I hope it is readable and makes sense to you. Regards. Katz

    • 1 vote
    Reply#4 - Mon Aug 10, 2009 10:27 PM EDT
    dsanthony

    Long-winded.. well you said it, not me.

    The case in point had nothing to do with investigating criminal activity -- it was an immediate and ongoing event. Given the criticism directed toward the military's reponse to the 2001 attack, I am glad they were tracking this event involving aircraft in the skies over new york.

    Monitoring twitter, facebook or other internet sites during such an event is not illegal -- anymore than reading a newspaper or other public document would be illegal. That was the point of the article -- and I disagreed with the comment made that the military and other intelligence branches were overlooking such an immediate and accessible source of information. Not using available sources to monitor potential threats would be a deriliction of duty.

    I was addressing the laws which limited intelligence gathering against potential threats inside the us -- absolutely that is the jurisdiction of the fbi. But the fbi, cia, nsa, military and other intelligence agencies must be able to share information about possible threats.

    • 2 votes
    #4.1 - Mon Aug 10, 2009 10:38 PM EDT
    Leo Katz

    I really believe you need to do a great deal more research into what you are offering. There is however an entire body of law and regulatory writing on the subject that is available in the public domain should you wish to pursue it.

    Comparing "tracking this event involving aircraft in the skies over new york (sic)”, by the military who actually owned and launched the aircraft" is a rather simplistic and nonsensical view. Would you have had them launch a preemptive strike on Air Force 1. Maybe have them send tanks or troops into the NYC streets to “settle down” the scared citizenry? Perhaps I should equate this to you stabbing me with a knife and then expecting me to thank you for taking me to the hospital.

    Should Obama be using DoD to monitor people’s concerns about his Healthcare Bill or carbon emission program - they could also cause dissent. Would that be an abuse or a practical use of the military information gathering organizations? You will have to answer that to your own satisfaction. US laws and policies answer it to mine.

    By law DoD agencies are not even allow to collect, store, process or disseminate about possible threats by US Persons unless it poses a direct and actual threat to a military facility or resource. Even then, it is subject to extensive review and stringent rules and timetables for retention. In the event unauthorized information is received or inadvertently obtained it must be processed for review and removal. It is the law.

    Yes, "monitoring twitter, facebook or other internet sites” during such an event and extracting information “from newspaper or other public document" for information on US Persons by the military would be illegal.

    Legal domestic public opinion, views and activities and information on US Persons are not the domain of the military.

    • 1 vote
    #4.2 - Mon Aug 10, 2009 11:26 PM EDT
    dsanthony

    I'm not overly paranoid about military intelligence reading my mail, so studying the matter further does not interest me.

    But I believe, and hope, that the patriot act would give the military the ability to monitor and, with proper orders, intervene in another potential terrorist act on us soil. A plane striking another plane, helicopter or any other target could easily be an indication of terrorist activity. If the military is not authorized under current law to monitor such activity, then the laws should be changed.

    • 1 vote
    #4.3 - Tue Aug 11, 2009 1:12 AM EDT
    lambnlions

    Have trouble with a few words. Those words forces America to rely on their wits when it comes to the one bring up the cases; and they are...

    Subversion:: a systematic attempt to overthrow or undermine a government or political system by persons working secretly from within

    Sedition; incitement of resistance to or insurrection against lawful authority

    Stands to reason, anyone speaking out against any practice, law, organization of the government, in la man any one of these forces, directed by their leaders or leader, could land themselves in front of some sort of judiciary committeeof sorts. This is the part where you say, you have the right to freedom of speech and where I ask, so why are still so many innocent people still in jail; to of which you say, what or who do I mean, where I then turn and say, oh I don't know, how about the remaining off shoots of the Black Panthers for starters, just to throw a name out there; to which I will hear you say?

      #4.4 - Tue Aug 11, 2009 10:47 AM EDT
      lambnlions

      Leo:

      When I was drafted in 1966, I was selected for Military Intelligence and served as a Counterintelligence Agent, as did my fellow Agents who were accused and chastised by Congress. Fortunately, or unfortunately, my time was served in Vietnam and not in the domestic arena

      Counterintelligence: organized activity of an intelligence service designed to block an enemy's sources of information, to deceive the enemy, to prevent sabotage, and to gather political and military information

      So in essence, you're admitting to having your wits so well understood before you, that you've harnessedthe art of deception and redirection, so much so to comment on a very controversial topic? Interesting.

        #4.5 - Tue Aug 11, 2009 10:59 AM EDT
        Reply
        fsdafds

        Twitter has officially jumped the shark. Hello!

          Reply#5 - Tue Aug 11, 2009 12:28 AM EDT
          Kolby-1075823

          I say let the military use Twitter and myspace to track people... it wont cost lives or money...

            Reply#6 - Tue Aug 11, 2009 5:52 AM EDT
            lambnlions

            Agreed! Within the times we are living in, the arena is merely out side of social use is really nothing more than their arena, regardless.

              #6.1 - Tue Aug 11, 2009 11:01 AM EDT
              Reply
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